RESUMO
Rationality : During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been widespread confusion regarding the acceptance of donated bodies, especially those of COVID-19 unknown status. The present study aims to (1) quantify the fall in the body donation in COVID pandemic times & (2) explore the perception of the recipients of body donation (Anatomy faculties) and the facilitators of body donation (NGO members), regarding the problems they faced. Materials and Methods : A cross sectional study using a pre designed study schedule was conducted over period of two months. 30 Anatomy faculties from 3 Medical Colleges in Kolkata and 20 members from 2 NGOs were interviewed. The actual numbers of the body donation received has been documented from record in Anatomy Departments and actual numbers of the body donation facilitated by NGOs has been obtained from record maintained in NGO office. The responses were analysed accordingly. Results : There was significant decline in body donation activity in all the Medical Colleges during COVID times. 80% Anatomy faculties and 60% NGO members recommended posthumous RTPCR tests for COVID-19 unknown bodies. 93.33% faculties and 60% NGO members also wanted the Government to publish directives for posthumous RTPCR tests in donor抯 body. Most faculties (83.33%) were unsure as to whether embalming fluid can neutralize COVID-19 virus or not. Conclusion, Limitation & Future Scope : This study explored the hesitations, its causes and remedial measures of hindrances in body donation program in COVID times. Being an ICMR STS project, authors needed to wrap up it by only two months time; but it can be used as the pilot to continue same in larger scale. Further researches are required to assess the lethality of embalming fluid on COVID-19 virus in this perspective
RESUMO
Background: Axillary nerve is one of the most common nerves which is prone to iatrogenic injuries (6% of all thebrachial plexus injuries). Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the axillary nerve in respect to its originfrom the posterior cord of brachial plexus, its site of division into anterior and posterior branch and its mode ofsupply to the deltoid muscle is highly important for anatomists, orthopedic surgeons, radiologists and anesthetistsfor proper exploration of the axillary region.Material and Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Institute of PostgraduateMedical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal. The sample size was 50 upper limbs of 25 formalinhardened human cadavers of both sexes.Results: Out of 50 samples, in 16% cases the Axillary nerve took origin as a common trunk. Regarding the site ofdivision of the axillary nerve into anterior and posterior branches it was found to be above the quadrangularspace in 12% cases and within the quadrangular space in 88% cases. . Regarding the mode of supply of thedeltoid muscle it was seen that the anterior part of the deltoid was supplied by the anterior division of theaxillary nerve in 100% cases; middle part of the deltoid solely by anterior division of the axillary nerve in 60%cases and in remaining 40% cases both from anterior and posterior branch i.e. dual supply (fig-3); the posteriorpart of the deltoid was seen to be supplied by the posterior branch in 100% cases.Conclusion: The knowledge of variations of axillary nerve is very important for anatomists, aneasthesists,orthopaedic surgeons and general physicians during surgical interventions of the axilla and intra-muscularinjections to the deltoid muscle.